The Butchering ArtIn The Butchering Art, the historian Lindsey Fitzharris reveals the shocking world of nineteenth century surgery and shows how it was transformed by advances made in germ theory and antiseptics between 1860 and 1875. She conjures up early operating theatersno place for the squeamishand surgeons, who, working before anesthesia, were lauded for their speed and brute strength. These pioneers knew that the aftermath of surgery was often more dangerous